1998 Yılı Mayıs Dönemi KPDS Soru ve Cevapları

1998 yılı KPDS sorularının cevapları Cenk Arslan tarafından sitemize gönderilmiştir. Profesyonel olarak çeviri işiyle uğraştığını öğrendiğimiz Sayın Arslan'a ilgisinden ve katkısından dolayı teşekkür ediyoruz.

1. Asthma is a common ____ in which the airways lining the lung become inflamed.

A) diagnosis

B) disease

C) fury

D) patient

E) recovery

Doğru Cevap: B

2. From the report released today it appears that oil tankers suffer their major ____ on their return journeys.

A) spills

B) costs

C) repairs

D) drills

E) crews

Doğru Cevap:A

3. People curious to get some idea of what it is like to be black in a country ____ by whites need look no further than Dennis Williams's new novel Crossover.

A) tempted

B) undermined

C) perpetrated

D) run

E) deemed

Doğru Cevap:D

4. It is plain that the United Nations will not lift the sanctions unless the Iraqi government fully ____ with the Security Council resolutions.

A) matches

B) elaborates

C) complies

D) resumes

E) accomplishes

Doğru Cevap:C

5. When the chairman tried to explain his views to the shareholders at the ____ general meeting, he was shouted down by them with cries of ?Resign!?.

A) annual

B) minimal

C) essential

D) ultimate

E) recurrent

Doğru Cevap:A

6. Because of their high toxic contents, none of these chemicals can ____ be permitted for export to any country.

A) fruitfully

B) adequately

C) presently

D) notoriously

E) equivocally

Doğru Cevap:C

7. I don't know how we are going to ____ the expected surge of immigrants into the country.

A) look over

B) run through

C) put out

D) take down

E) cope with

Doğru Cevap:E

8. The Jewish immigrants, who ____ the boat in England, formed the bulk of the ethnic groups arriving in a country historically wary of foreigners.

A) took after

B) got off

C) turned up

D) made up

E) showed off

Doğru Cevap:B

9. As the decade ____ to wind down, Mark Morris ____ as our century's youngest great choreographer.

A) has begun / had stood

B) will begin / is standing

C) was beginning / has stood

D) begins / stands

E) is beginning / has been standing

Doğru Cevap:E

10. Of the many attempts that ____ to regulate language one way or another, very few ____ .

A) were made / had succeeded

B) have been made / have succeeded

C) are made / succeeded

D) could have been made / will succeed

E) are being made / may have succeeded

Doğru Cevap:B

11. An acorn, left to itself becomes an oak, and a geneticist ____ its DNA to make it grow into an elm may justly be said ____ with its natural course.

A) altering / to have interfered

B) having altered / to interfere

C) to alter / having interfered

D) being altered / interfered

E) to have altered / to be interfering

Doğru Cevap:A

12. In the past few months, our company director ____ more mettle than most industrialists ____ in an entire career.

A) had shown / have done

B) showed / would do

C) shows / did

D) was showing / may have done

E) has shown / do

Doğru Cevap:E

13. If they ____ what sort of a person he was, they ____ him their support.

A) would know / didn't give

B) knew / won't give

C) had known / wouldn't have given

D) would have known / hadn't given

E) have known / haven't given

Doğru Cevap:C

14. I don't imagine he wrote the speech ____ but ____ did so, certainly made a good job of it.

A) for them / whomsoever

B) of his / somebody

C) by him / they

D) himself / whoever

E) themselves / whichever

Doğru Cevap:D

15. As ____ of our employees can afford cars of ____ own, they all have to rely on public transport.

A) few / them

B) some / his

C) none / their

D) most / our

E) many / its

Doğru Cevap:C

16. There are situations ____ the best way to heal the patient is to help him die peacefully.

A) from where

B) in that

C) whence

D) for whom

E) in which

Doğru Cevap:E

17. He's certainly going to recommend that the changes in the structure of the company be introduced step by step, and ____ .

A) so I am

B) so am I

C) so do I

D) I do, too

E) I also do

Doğru Cevap:C

18. Do you really believe that the party programme ____ it now stands, is democratic ____ to influence the vote in our favour.

A) as / enough

B) since / also

C) where / as well

D) such as / too

E) that / even

Doğru Cevap:A

19. Private investments play ____ important a part in the country's long-running economic expansion ____ no government dares to increase taxation on personal savings.

A) too / that

B) such / as

C) much / so

D) so / that

E) as / as

Doğru Cevap:B

20. His proposals ____ the new social security policy seems more viable than any of the others.

A) by way of

B) due to

C) owing to

D) in case of

E) as regards

Doğru Cevap:E

21. ____ the recent rise in unemployment largely affects eastern Germany, there is considerable unrest in western Germany, too.

A) Since

B) In case

C) Although

D) Unless

E) Untill

Doğru Cevap:C

22. ____ he was campaigning for re-election last year, he promised that ____ re-elected, he would undertake to restructure the party.

A) Wherever / lest

B) Because / while

C) As / since

D) While / unless

E) When / if

Doğru Cevap:E

23. ____ the terms of the forthcoming trade agreement, Japan wins parity ____ the United States.

A) Through / above

B) By / of

C) From / from

D) Under / with

E) After / over

Doğru Cevap:D

24. We have yet to take ____ consideration the problem of how large future national armies should eventually be, regardless ____ their current size.

A) onto / at

B) in / in

C) for / with

D) under / from

E) into / of

Doğru Cevap:E

25-34 sorularda, verilen ıngilizce cümlenin Türkçe dengini bulunuz.

25. I would like to make it absolutely clear at the outset that I do not approve of the measures proposed by the consulting firm.

A) Hemen kesin olarak açıklayayım ki danışman firma tarafından ortaya konulan görüşlerin hiçbirini kabul etmiyorum.

B) Öncelikle danışman firmanın bizimle ilgili görüşlerine katılmadığımı kesin olarak açıklamak isterim.

C) Başta şunu kesinlikle belirtmek isterim ki danışmanlık şirketinin önermiı olduğu önlemleri onaylamıyorum.

D) Danışmanlığımızı yapan firmanın sunmuş olduğu çözümlerin hiçbirini uygun bulmadığımı baştan açık olarak ifade ediyorum.

E) Öncelikle ve kesin bir dille ifade etmek isterim ki danışmanlık şirketinin bize iletmiş olduğu önerileri hiçbir zaman olumlu bulmadım.

Doğru Cevap:C

26. In his talk he stressed that economic relationships are complicated and changeable, since everything happens at once.

A) Konuşmasında, ekonomik ilişkilerin karmaşık olduğunu ve sürekli değiştiğini, bunun da her şeyin bir anda olup bitmesine yol açtığını ileri sürdü.

B) Yaptığı konuşmada, her ıeyin bir anda olup bitmesinin nedeninin ekonomik ilişkilerdeki karmaışklık ve değişkenlik olduğunu iddia etti.

C) Olayların bir anda olup bitmesi sonucu ekonomik ilişkilerin ne denli çarpaşık ve farklı olduğunu kanuşmasında açıkça ortaya koydu.

D) Konuşmasında da belirttiği gibi, ekonomik ilişkiler hem karmaşık hem de değişken, çünkü her şey aniden ortaya çıkıyor.

E) Konuşmasında, herşey bir anda olup bittiği için ekonomik ilişkilerin karmaşık ve değişken olduğunu vurguladı.

Doğru Cevap:E

27. In Latin America and Eastern Europe, where interventional methods in the past were put into effect most susterely, it is governments, not outside economists, that today speak most favourably in support of market economics.

A) Geçmişte devlet müdalehesini esas alan ve bizzat uygulayan Latin Amerika ve Doğu Avrupa hükümetleri, yabancı uzmanlardan daha istekli bir şekilde pazar ekonomisini destekleyici konuşmalar yapmaktadır.

B) Bugün Latin Amerika'da ve Doğu Avrupa'da pazar ekonomisini destekleyenler, yabancı ekonomistlerden çok, geçmişte ağırı müdaheleci yöntemler uygulamış olan hükümetlerin bizzat kendileridir.

C) Geçmişte müdaheleci yöntemlerin en sert şekilde uygulamaya konulduğu Latin Amerika'da ve doğu Avrupa'da, bugün pazar ekonomisi lehinde en olumlu konuşanlar yabancı ekonomistler değil, hükümetlerdir.

D) Bugün Latin Amerika'da ve Doğu Avrupa'da pazar ekonomisinin yararlarından söz edenler, sadece yabancı uzmanlar değil, geçmişte ağırı devlet müdahelesini benimsemiş olan hükümetlerin kendileridir.

E) Eskiden ağırı müdaheleci uygulamaların olduğu Latin Amerika'da ve Doğu Avrupa'da bugünkü hükümetler pazar ekonomisini yabancı ekonomistlerden daha fazla övmeye yönelmektedir.

Doğru Cevap:C

28. Two months ago the Czech finance minister told his people that the country's four biggest banks would be fully privatised by the end of this year.

A) Ülkedeki en güçlü dört bankanın bu yıl sonunda tümüyle özelleştirileceği Çek maliye bakanının iki ay önce halka yaptığı bir konuşmada açıklanmıştı.

B) Çek maliye bakanı iki ay önce halkına, ülkenin en büyük dört bankasının bu yıl sonuna kadar tümüyle özelleştirileceğini söyledi.

C) Çek maliye bakanı, ülkedeki dört büyük bankanın bu yıl sonunda tümüyle özeleştirileceğini iki ay öncesinden halka duyurdu.

D) Çek maliye bakanının iki ay öncesinden halka açıkladığına göre, ülkedeki en büyük dört banka bu yıl sonundan önce tümüyle özelleştirilmiş olacak.

E) Çek maliye bakanı, bu yıl sona ermeden ülkedeki en güçlü dört bankanın tümünün özelleştirilmesi gerektiğini iki ay önce halkına söylemişti.

Doğru Cevap:B

29. Our company, a partner in an international consortium and headquartered in Istanbul, is looking for water resources engineers who have at least ten years of experience in irrigation engineering and land development.

A) Uluslararası bir konsorsiyumun ortağı olan ve merkezi ıstanbul'da bulunan şirketimiz, sulama mühendisliği ve arazi ıslahında en az on yıl tecrübesi olan su kaynakları mühendisleri aramaktadır.

B) Merkezi İstanbul'da bulunan şirketimiz ululslararası bir konsorsiyumun ortağıdır ve sulama mühendisliği ile toprak ıslahında en az on yıl çalışmış olan su mühendislerini istihdam etmektedir.

C) Sulama yöntemleri ve bölge kalkınmasında en az on yıllık tecrübe sahibi olan su mühendisleri arayan şirketimiz uluslararası bir konsorsiyumun üyesidir.

D) İstanbul'da kurulmuş ve sulama işleri ile toprak ıslahında en az on yıllık tecrübeye sahip su mühendisleri arayan şirketimiz uluslararası bir konsorsiyum üyesidir.

E) Uluslararası bir konsorsiyuma dahil olan ve ana merkezi istanbul'da bulunan şirketimiz, sulama işlerinde ve arazi ıslahında çalıştırılmak üzere su kaynaklarında en az on yıllık tecrübeye sahip su mühendislerine ihtiyaç duymaktadır.

Doğru Cevap:A

30. In the Renaissance, the discovery of perspective gave artists the power to put onto a flat surface the world as it is seen by the naked eye.

A) Sanatçılar, dünyayı, düz bir yüzeye çıplak gözle görüldüğü biçimde yansıtma olanağını ancak Rönesansta, perspektifin bulunması ile elde ettiler.

B) Rönesansta sanatçılar, perspektifin bulunmasıyla çıplak gözle gördükleri dünyayı düz bir yüzeye yansıtma fırsatını elde etmişlerdir.

C) Perspektifin bulunması, Rönesans sanatçılarına, dünyayı çıplak gözle görüldüğü durumuyla bir düzleme aktarma yolunu açmıştır.

D) Rönesansta, perspektifin bulunması sanatçılara dünyayı çıplak gözle görüldüğü şekliyle düz bir yüzeye aktarma gücü vermiştir.

E) Rönesans sanatçıları perspektifi bularak, dünyayı çıplak gözle görüldüğü düz bir yüzeyde göstermeyi başarabilmişlerdir.

Doğru Cevap:D

31. At a press conference today the Prime Minister of Yemen announced that his Government had been granted a loan by the World Bank to assist the implementation of the Rural Development Project started two years ago.

A) Bugün yaptığı bir basın toplantısında Yemen Başbakanı iki yıldan beri sürdürülen Köy Kalkınma Projesi için Dünya Bankası'nca hükümetine kredi sağlanacağını açıkladı.

B) Bugün yaptığı bir basın toplantısında, Yemen Başbakanı iki yıldan beri uygulanmakta olan Köy Kalkınma Projesi'nin sonuçlandırılması amacıyla Dünya Bankası'nın hükümetine kaynak sağladığını söyledi.

C) Yemen Başbakanı bugün bir basın toplantısı yaparak, iki yıl süreyle uygulanacak olan Köy kalkınma Projesi'nin tamamlanabilmesi için hükümetin Dünya Bankası'ndan kredi isteyeceğini belirtti.

D) Bugün bir basın toplantısında konuşan Yemen Başbakanı, iki yıl önce başlatılan Köy Kalkınma Projesi'nin yürütülebilmesi için hükümetin Dünya Bankası'ndan yeni bir kredi sağladığını bildirdi.

E) Bugün bir basın toplantısında, Yemen Başbakanı iki yıl önce başlatılmış olan Köy kalkınma Projesi'nin uygulanmasına katkıda bulunmak amacıyla Dünya Bankası tarafından hükümete kredi verildiğini açıkladı.

Doğru Cevap:E

32. Oceans not only absorb carbon dioxide and other gases from the atmosphere but also hold and transport vast amounts of heat through a network of currents.

A) Okyanusların atmosferdeki karbon dioksidi ve diğer gazları emmesi ve yüksek miktardaki ısıyı tutarak taşıması, ancak akıntıların oluşturduğu bir şebeke sayesinde gerçekleşmektedir.

B) Okyanuslar, atmosferdeki karbon dioksidi ve diğer gazları emmez, ancak yüksek miktarlardaki ısıyı emerler ve çeşitli akıntılarla taşırlar.

C) Okyanuslar, akıntıların oluşturduğu bir ağ yardımıyla, hem atmosferdeki karbon dioksidi ve diğer gazları emer hem de büyük müktarlarda ısıyı tutarak taşırlar.

D) Okyanuslar sadece atmosferdeki karbon dioksidi ve diğer gazları emmekle kalmaz, aynı zamanda muazzam miktarlarda ısıyı tutarlar ve bir akıntı şebekesi aracılığıyla taşırlar.

E) Okaynuslar, akıntıların oluşturduğu bir şebeke sayesinde, hem atmosferdeki karbon dioksidi ve diğer gazları emiyorlar hem de çok yüksek miktarlara varan ısıyı tutarak her tarafa taşıyorlar.

Doğru Cevap:D

33. Prince Sihanouk has always voiced his firm commitment to one principle: he is prepared to make any sacrifice necessary for the people of Combodia.

A) Prens Sihanouk bir ilkeye kesin bağlılığını hep ifade etmiştir: o Kamboçya halkı için gerekli her türlü özveride bulunmaya hazırdır.

B) Prens Sihanouk bir ilke ile ilgili taahhüdünü hep hatırlatmıştır: o kendisini Kamboçya halkı gerekli gördüğü zaman kurban etmeye hazırdır.

C) Prens Sihanouk'un daima bağlı olduğu bir ilke vardı: o Kamboçya halkı için kendisini her zaman kurban etmeye hazırdır.

D) Prens Sihanouk daima bir ilkeye bağlı olduğunu söylemiştir: Kamboçya halkının refahı için gerekli özveride bulunmaya isteklidir.

E) Prens Sihanouk'un daima bağlı olduğunu söylediği bir ilke vardır: kendisi, Kamboçya halkı gerekli görürse özveride bulunmaya hazırdır.

Doğru Cevap:A

34. It is grossly unfair to blame the recent economic crisis in Asia on investors, bankers and politicians.

A) Asya'da görülen son ekonomik bunalımla ilgili olarak sadece yatırımcıları, bankacıları ve siyasetçileri hedef almak oldukça yanlış bir tutumdur.

B) Asya'da ortaya çıkan ekonomik bunalımın sorumlusu olarak bugünkü sanayicileri, bankacıları ve siyasetçileri görmek büyük bir yanılgıdır.

C) Asya'daki son ekonomik bunalımın suçunu yatırımcılara, bankacılara ve siyasetçilere yıkmak tamamen haksızlıktır.

D) Asya'daki son ekonomik bunalıma yatırımcıların, bankacıların ve siyasetçilerin yol açtığını söylemek çok yanlış olur.

E) Sadece sanayicileri, bankacıları ve siyasetçileri yakın geçmişte Asya'da ekonomik bir bunalım yaratmakla suçlamak tamamen yanlıştır.

Doğru Cevap:C

35-44 sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümlenin ıngilizce dengini bulunuz.

35. Ülkenin en kalabalık kenti ve ısviçre bankacılııının kalbi olan Zürih, kendi okullarında dil öıretiminin iyileıtirilmesi için bir danııma kurulu oluıturdu.

A) Zurich, one of the most crowded cities in the country and the main centre of Swiss banking, has decided to establish a working committee for the improvement of language schools.

B) Zurich, the most populous city of the country and the heart of Swiss banking, set up an advisory committee for the improvement of language teaching in its own schools.

C) The first of the advisory committee to be set up for the advance of language teaching in schools was in Zurich, which is an extremely crowded city and the heart of banking centre of Switzerland.

D) For the development of language teaching in schools a special committee was set up for Zurich, since it was a very crowded city and the heart of banking in Switzerland.

E) Zurich, which is an over-populated city and has been the heart of banking in Switzerland has launched a policy for efficient language teaching in its schools in line with the advisory committee's recommendations.

Doğru Cevap:B

36. ıngiliz ihracatçılar, hükümetlerine, sterlinin ulaıtııı düzeyden olduıu kadar, tırmandııı hızdan da ıikayet etmektedir.

A) British exporters denounce the government for the level sterling has reached as well as for the speed at which it has climbed.

B) British exporters are criticising the government as much for the speed with which the sterling has risen as for the level it has reached.

C) British exporters blame the government for the rapidness of the rise of the sterling as well as for the level to which it has risen.

D) It is as much the speed at which sterling has climbed as the level to which it has risen that has made British exporters criticise their government.

E) British exporters complain to their government as much about the speed with which sterling has climbed as about the level it has reached.

Doğru Cevap:E

37. 1960'ların sonlarında ıngiltere'de Wilson hükümeti, ücret artıılarının enflasyon üzerindeki etkisini kontrol edebilmek için sendikaların desteıini kazanmaya çalııtı.

A) Having won the Unions' support in Britain in the late 1960s, the Wilson government was able to control inflation by cutting down on wage increases.

B) Later in 1960s in Britain, the Wilson government won the Unions' support thus making it possible to control the effect of wage increases upon inflation.

C) With view to controlling the effect of wage increases upon inflation in Britain, the Wilson government began, towards the end of the 1960s, to ask for more support from the Unions.

D) In the late 1960s in Britain, the Wilson government tried to win the Unions' support in order to control the effect of wage increases on inflation.

E) the Wilson government won the support of the Unions in the late 1960s in Britain by controlling the effect of wage increases on inflation.

Doğru Cevap:D

38. Kamuoyu yoklamaları farklılık gösterir, ancak Avusturalyalıların yaklaıık üçte ikisi cumhuriyet istediklerini açıkça söylemektedir.

A) Opinion polls are inconclusive, but roughly two-thirds of all Australians are clearly pleased to have a republic.

B) Opinion polls may vary, but well-over two-thirds of the Australians admit that they want a republic.

C) Opinion polls conclusively show that roughly two-thirds of the Australian people actually want a republic.

D) Opinion polls are unreliable, but nevertheless it is apparent that two-thirds or so of the Australian people are in favour of a republic.

E) Opinion polls vary, but about two-thirds of the Australians openly say that they want a republic.

Doğru Cevap:E

39. Sovyetler Birliıi çöktüıünden beri, sermaye kaçııı, kominizm sonrası Rusya'nın baılıca ekonomik hastalıklarından biri olmuıtur.

A) Ever since the Soviet Union collapsed, capital flight has been one of post-communist Russia's chief economic plagues.

B) Once the Soviet Union collapsed, capital flight became the most persistent of all post-communist Russia's economic headaches.

C) Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, post-communist Russia's economy has been plagued by the capital flight.

D) Capital flight has, ever since the Soviet Union collapsed, been one of the most feared economic problems of post-communist Russia.

E) Following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the start of the post-communist era, Russia's economy has suffered on account of capital flight.

Doğru Cevap:A

40. Hindistan'da suçun giderek daha az önemli bir sorun olduıu düıüncesi tamamen yanıltıcıdır.

A) It would be quite wrong to assume that crime is becoming a less serious problem in India.

B) The idea that crime is becoming a less significant problem in India is completely misleading.

C) It would be most unfair to infer that the problem of crime is steadily being disregarded in India.

D) The idea that the problem of crime is on the decrease in India is completely wrong.

E) The view that crime in India is steadily ceasing to be a major problem is rather disturbing.

Doğru Cevap:B

41. 1970'lerdeki büyük petrol bunalımından beri, Uluslararası Enerji Kurumu alternatif enerji kaynakları bulmak için yapılan araıtırmaları teıvik etmiı ve desteklemiıtir.

A) Since the great oil crisis of the 1970s, the International Energy Agency has encouraged and supported research carried out to discover alternative energy sources.

B) Since there was a great oil crisis in the 1970s, the International Energy Agency has been encouraging and supporting research into alternative energy sources.

C) Following the serious oil crisis of the 1970s, the International Energy Agency has been encouraging and subsidizing any research pertaining to alternative energy resources.

D) Following the great oil crisis of the 1970s, the International Energy Agency has encouraged research that might lead to the discovery of alternative energy sources.

E) The great oil crisis of the 1970s convinced the International Energy Agency of the need to support research into the development of alternative energy resources.

Doğru Cevap:A

42. Avrupa'da ortak bir pazar için ilk planı daha 1943-44'lerde tasarlayan, eski Hollanda dııiıleri bakanı J. W. Beyen idi.

A) Back in 1943 or 1944, it was a former Dutch foreign minister J. W. Beyen, who first announced a plan for a common market in Europe

B) As early as 1943-44, the first plan for the common European market was drawn up by J. W. Beyen, Holland's former foreign minister.

C) The first plan for Europe's common market dates from 1943-44 and was drawn up by J. W. Beyen, a former Dutch foreign minister.

D) It was J. W. Beyen, a former Dutch foreign minister, who as early as 1943-44, drafted the first plan for a common market in Europe.

E) As far back as 1943-44, J. W. Beyen, who at the time was the Dutch foreign minister, drew up the first plan for a European common market.

Doğru Cevap:D

43. Bizimki sadece küçük bir nakliye ıirketi olduıu için navlunda indirim yapmamız maalesef mümkün deıildir.

A) Since ours is only a small transport company, I'm afraid it is impossible for us to make a discount on the sea freight.

B) Because our transport company is rather small, we sometimes manage to offer a discount on the sea freight.

C) Though ours is quite a small transport company, it shouldn't be impossible for us to arrange a discount on the sea freight.

D) I am sorry but, as this is only a small transport company, it would be unreasonable to expect a discount on the sea freight.

E) A small transport company such as ours cannot reasonable be expected to offer any discount on the sea freight.

Doğru Cevap:A

44. Dicle üzerinde yapılan kaya dolgu yeni baraj, en ıiddetli depremlere dayanacak kadar saılamdır.

A) The new rock-fill dam built on the Tigris has been designed so as to stand firmly even in the event of violent earthquake.

B) There is a new rock-fill dam on the Tigris which has been constructed to be strong enough to withstand the most severe of earthquakes

C) The new rock-fill dam, constructed on the Tigris, is strong enough to withstand the most severe earthquakes.

D) Even an extremely violent earthquake could not damage the new rock-fill dam constructed on the Tigris.

E) The new rock-fill dam on the Tigris was built so solidly that even a severe earthquake couldn't pose a threat.

Doğru Cevap:C

45-52 sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun ıekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

45. Before Freud shed light on dreams and extraordinary role of the subconscious, ____ .

A) there are many who have grasped their significance

B) educated people in particular regarded dreams as meaningless and pointless

C) many traditional ways of interpreting dreams are being analyzed

D) the relationship between stress and dreams would surely have been recognised

E) many great writers still draw on the principles of human psychology

Doğru Cevap:B

46. ____ until Thomas Paine published The Common Sense and sparked off the American Revolution.

A) George Washington considered himself a loyal British subject

B) Idealism hasn't often been a determining factor

C) Voltaire's influence would have been more pervasive,

D) That was a period of radical change in all spheres

E) They were the people responsible for shaping the national character of the United States

Doğru Cevap:E

47. ____ that scientists are now sending out ?e prints? instead of preprints of unpublished articles.

A) Prior to the internet, it was not possible

B) One change that the advent of the internet has brought is

C) The internet has indeed opened many doors

D) The benefits of technology should not be overrated

E) Among academics, technological advances attract less attention

Doğru Cevap:B

48. Though Hong Kong used to be one of the world's most alluring shopping centres, ____ .

A) competition seems to be growing even keener

B) this was no longer the case

C) it might have remained a fashionable holiday resort

D) others did not share this opinion

E) it is now one of its most expensive

Doğru Cevap:E

49. I would naturally have felt extremely disappointed ____ .

A) since he must have been by far the best applicant

B) unless the competition has had very few entrants

C) even though the two teams were extraordinarily well matched

D) if they hadn't sent us an invitation to the concert

E) as the first prize went to a racist author

Doğru Cevap:D

50. The speaker from China has pointed out ____ .

A) so that preserving agricultural land is his government's primary economic policy

B) that terracing the soil is one conservation method used widely in his country to control erosion

C) since urban renewal has completely changed the look of the cities in his country

D) as regards the fact that a handful of industrial nations monopolized deep sea fishing until the early 1970's

E) while rich tropical forests are vanishing at the rate of some 11 million hactares a year

Doğru Cevap:B

51. The averall quality of life in today's world cannot be improved ____ .

A) just as population growth would strain the global urban environment

B) while the underdeveloped countries were ignored completely by international agencies like the United Nations and the World Bank

C) as the population of that part of the world rose from 800 million in 1960 to 1.2 billion in 1985

D) unless the developed countries are prepared to offer a helping hand to the underdeveloped

E) whenever the OECD declines to support a series of projects for the development of poorer countries

Doğru Cevap:D

52. Some avalanches move no faster than 40 kilometres per hour, ____ .

A) while others have been estimated to have a speed of about 300 kilometres per hour

B) even if the damage they did was minimal compared with the destruction caused by hurricanes and earthquakes

C) despite the fact that snow lying on a steep slope is always liable to avalanche

D) for the wind sometimes reaches a force almost equal to that of a tornado

E) so that in such areas measures may be taken to prevent large avalanches

Doğru Cevap:A

53-58 sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakın olan cümleyi bulunuz.

53. His career took off to a brillant start, but since then his record hardly seems deserving of mild praise, let alone glory.

A) His career record has not lived up to his early promise, so he really does not merit either our approval or our praise.

B) His career began with a stunning success, but then he did nothing to earn either the praise or the approval he now receives.

C) In spite of his early promise, his career record shows nothing deserving of the special praise or glory he seems to expect.

D) He was amazingly successful at the start of his career but afterwards he has done nothing to merit even a moderate amount of approval and certainly not renown.

E) Had his career record been in line with the brillant start he made, he would most certainly have earned high honours and great renown.

Doğru Cevap:D

54. International conventions have long been prohibiting the use of chemical weapons during war, but how effective is this likely to be?

A) If various international bodies agreed to a long-term ban on chemical warfare, couldn't the ban be put into effect?

B) Can such international bodies be relied upon to ban effectively and in the long-term the use of chemical weapons in time of war?

C) For many years now, chemical warfare has been banned by international agreement, but can the ban be enforced?

D) How effective might the prohibition of chemical warfare be if it had the backing of so many international bodies?

E) Over a period of very many years various international agreements have been drawn up to prohibit the use of chemical weapons in wartime, but they have hardly been effective, have they?

Doğru Cevap:C

55. I surely couldn't have been expected to forgive him readily as this wasn't the first time he'd tried to cheat me.

A) It was only natural that I should have been unwilling to forgive him as he had behaved dishonestly towards me on other occasions.

B) As he'd tried to cheat me on several previous occasions, I felt I was right not to forgive him this time.

C) It was impossible for me not to forgive him even though he'd tried to deceive me several times before.

D) I might have been willing to forgive him if this had been the first I'd caught him cheating me.

E) Since this wasn't the first time he'd attempted to deceive me I was obviously not going to forgive him.

Doğru Cevap:A

56. Nothing exercises the British Press so much as an apparent threat to the welfare of the British Press.

A) The well-being of the British Press is apparent in the way it shows a united front in the face of attack.

B) It is only when the British Press is being criticized that it really shows its mettle.

C) The one time when the British Press really wakes up and acts is when it feels its own well-being is endangered.

D) The British Press has had much practice in upholding its own interests in the face of opposition.

E) Should its own freedom be threatened, the British Press would unite to withstand attack.

Doğru Cevap:C

57. Though diplomatic efforts to forestall the bombardment have been intensified, there is apparently no progress towards an agreement.

A) Every known means of diplomacy has been tried, but peace seems to recede and the expected attack to be quickly approaching.

B) Reconciliation remains a remote hope, for diplomatic channels apparently lack the necessary authority to check an attack.

C) In spite of diplomatic efforts to the contrary, the bombardment was a violent one and all hopes of an agreement were shattered.

D) Though they are desperately in need of a truce, they can find no way to achieve one and now await the attack.

E) Reconciliation seems no nearer, even though a massive effort is being made to find a diplomatic solution and so avoid a bombardment.

Doğru Cevap:E

58. The last time I saw your brother was when I ran into him at the station when I was on my way to Glasgow.

A) The last time I went to Glasgow I happened to meet your brother at the station.

B) I haven't seen your brother since a chance meeting at the station with him when I was setting off for Glasgow.

C) Your brother and I finally met at the station as it happened that I was going to Glasgow.

D) Your brother and I finally met on the Glasgow train just as it was leaving the station.

E) As the Glasgow train drew out of the station I got a last glimpse of your brother.

Doğru Cevap:B

59 ile 64 arasındaki sorular bulunamamıştır.

65-70 sorularda, anlam bakımından hangi cümlenin parçaya uymadııını bulunuz.
65. (I) The Morley Gallery has once again caught the attention of the public. (II) Its exhibition programme is richly varied and focuses on the less well-known painters. (III) In the current exhibition, some of the paintings of Joseph Hayward, a promising young painter, are on show. (IV) The Gallery is situated on the outskirts of London, but within easy reach of the metro. (V) Examples of his early work, such as a large watercolor of a garden, are also included.

A) I

B) II

C) III

D) IV

E) V

Doğru Cevap:D

66. (I) A camera is now being developed that scans the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the human body. (II) The police, after all, never do show any enthusiasm for technological innovations. (III) It may prove to be a great asset in crime detection as hidden objects ? which distort that radiation show up as cold spots. (IV) It can detect weapons and drugs hidden beneath layers of clothing. (V) Moreover, it has apparently no dangerous side effects.

A) I

B) II

C) III

D) IV

E) V

Doğru Cevap:B

67. (I) There are clever lawyers and dull ones; fast runners and slow ones, good cooks and bad ones. (II) However, when it comes to investment, this human variety seems to disappear. (III) Those who manage money and prepare market analysis for companies are naturally well-paid. (IV) Numerous studies suggest that ?exceptional? investment managers simply do not exist. (V) In any given period, each has no more than an even chance of doing better than the market index.

A) I

B) II

C) III

D) IV

E) V

Doğru Cevap:C

68. (I) Agricultural teaching in West African schools invariably meets with apathy. (II) Even so, agricultural education is a necessity, but it should be directed towards the farmer himself. (III) He needs instruction in new techniques. (IV) The majority of these students acquire a lifelong distaste for all forms of activity. (V) He also needs information on new and profitable cash crops and potential local markets.

A) I

B) II

C) III

D) IV

E) V

Doğru Cevap:D

69. (I) The basic strategy of the war on poverty during 1960's was to try to give everyone entering the job market comparable skills. (II) Of these, the best mechanism for breaking this vicious circle seemed to be educational reform. (III) This meant placing great emphasis on education. (IV) Many people imagined that if schools could equalize people's cognitive skills, this would equalize their bargaining power as adults. (V) In such a system nobody would end up very poor or, presumably very rich.

A) I

B) II

C) III

D) IV

E) V

Doğru Cevap:B

70. (I) As forests are cut down, many wild animals are finding it harder to survive. (II) Sadly the range of the leopard, for instance, is but a fraction of what it formerly was. (III) They are, for instance, no longer to be found in Europe proper. (IV) Fortunately, there are instances of such endangered species managing to re-establish themselves. (V) In the Caucasus and nothern Iran there are still some, but their numbers are decreasing rapidly.

A) I

B) II

C) III

D) IV

E) V

Doğru Cevap:D

71-76 sorularda, verilen durumda söylenebilecek ifadeyi bulunuz.

71. Your sister has announced that she is going to be married at the end of the year. You've heard plenty about the young man, and all to his credit. So you are quite happy about the marriage; but still you do want to meet him first. You say:

A) This is all rather sudden, isn't it? What does he do for a long living?

B) Well, this is a surprise. Tell me all about him.

C) I hope you're not acting impulsively! Is there something you're trying to hide as we still haven't met him.

D) I'm so glad I know you've made an excellent choice and you certainly deserve to be happy.

E) Well, congratulations and all my best wishes. But I do hope you'll bring him round to meet us before the wedding.

Doğru Cevap:E

72. For a while now a friend has been having trouble with a group of workmen in his factory, and matters are now coming to a head. You feel he is behaving in too harsh a manner and want to point this out to him in a tactful way so as not to offend him. You say:

A) My advice to you is to make no concessions whatsoever and let those leave who want to leave.

B) Your trouble is you're too hard on them. I'm surprised you've got any workmen left.

C) I can't understand the problem. Please explain it again to me.

D) There's always trouble in the workforce everywhere. Just ignore it.

E) Are you sure this is the correct approach that you are taking? They might respond better to a gentler treatment.

Doğru Cevap:E

73. Some time ago, a friend persuaded you to employ his son in the personnel department of the firm of which you are a director. Within a short time you began to regret having done so, for the young man had turned out to be lazy and unprincipled. You express your regrets to a collegue, saying:

A) Oh well, we can send him to another department if that's what you want.

B) I'm glad I was able to help a friend in this way.

C) If I had known then what he was like, I would never have taken him on.

D) I expect he'll resign as soon as his contract expires.

E) I don't suppose any of the other candidates would have been any better.

Doğru Cevap:C

74. A friend of yours, who is the manager of a company, tells you that he has dismissed one of his employees, an engineer, for immoral conduct in the workplace. He further informs you that he has receieved several threatening telephone calls from this same person. Your friend is very upset and comes to you for advice. You feel firm action must be taken. So you say:

A) Next time he calls, just tell him politely that you are upset by his calls.

B) If he calls again, tell him you are going to take legal action. And do so!

C) If I were you, I would ignore the whole matter.

D) As far as I understand it, you seem to be in for a lot of trouble.

E) As a matter of fact, telephone calls of this kind don't need to be taken seriously.

Doğru Cevap:B

75. As an eminent scholar you've been invited to give a series of lectures in South America. Since recently you find you get tired easily, you feel the journey would be very exhausting for you; so, you decline the invitation, giving your reason at the same time. You say:

A) I'm afraid I cannot accept your kind invitation because, for a person of my age, the journey would prove too tiring.

B) I have to turn down the invitation since I understand it is unsafe to travel in your country.

C) Thank you for the invitation but I no longer accept invitations that involve much travelling as I cannot afford the time.

D) I would like to accept your invitation, but tell me first how much travelling is involved.

E) Though I fear the journey will be rather tiring for me, I will look forward to visiting South America.

Doğru Cevap:A

76. You learn that a close colleague of yours in the Economics Department has been nominated for the Nobel Prize in economics. You feel thrilled for him and call him immediately to congratulate him. He tells you that he doesn't expect to receive the prize because there will, almost certainly, be other candidates better than him. Thereupon, to encourage him, you say:

A) You are probably right. You'll just have to wait and see how it turns out.

B) True. And after all one never knows how much the issue is affected by politics.

C) If I were you, I'd not raise my hopes too high.

D) Surely you are one of the leading economists in the world and have as much chance as any one else.

E) You should feel pleased that at least you've been nominated.

Doğru Cevap:D

77-82 sorularda, karıılıklı konuımanın boı bırakılan kısmında söylenmiı olabilecek sözü bulunuz.

77. Interviewer: Did you get the overwhelming support of the women in your constituency?

Newly-Elected Woman Representative: _____

Interviewer: How do you account for that?

Newly-Elected Woman Representative: I suppose the issues I talked about were not of primary concern to them.

A) Probably. There are more women than men in the constituency.

B) I really have no idea.

C) Yes, I suppose so. But the men voted, too.

D) Yes, and I have already thanked them.

E) No, I don't think I did.

Doğru Cevap:E

78. Brian: Have the police asked for your version of the story yet?

Peter: No, not yet. But they did say I should try to avoid discussing the matter.

Brian: ____

Peter: Did they really? It all seems extremely serious.

A) They've been saying that to everyone, but to no effect.

B) Well, we do try not to. But it's on everyone's mind.

C) They told me the same thing.

D) I gave my version yesterday. But they didn't seem interested.

E) But that's not easy as they very well know.

Doğru Cevap:C

79. John: Clare seemed very animated! What was she talking to you about?

Brenda: Oh. Her new job. And the people she is working with.

John: ____

Brenda: She may do. Let's hope so.

A) Does she look like making a success of it this time.

B) What's she doing there? Is she a receptionist.

C) What's the salary like? Is she satisfied?

D) I hope this will prove to be a satisfactory post for her.

E) I suppose you told her she was lucky to get any job at all.

Doğru Cevap:A

80. Mr. Robinson: What's happened to the phone? I've been trying to get you all afternoon.

Mrs. Robinson: It is out of order.

Mr. Robinson: ____

Mrs. Robinson: I think all the lines in our neighbourhood are being changed.

A) Are you sure?

B) Do you know why?

C) Since when?

D) When did that happen?

E) Who said so?

Doğru Cevap:B

81. Andrew: How was your holiday in Budapest? Did you find it expensive?

Rogar: ____

Andrew: Really? I didn't realize you'd even been there before.

Rogar: Oh yes. I was stationed there for nearly five years. I only left in 1993.

A) It's a most interesting city. You really should see it for yourself.

B) I suppose it was. But I was there on business, so it was all on the firm.

C) I was much too busy to do any shopping.

D) There were some beautiful hand-made articles that you could buy very cheaply.

E) No. But I know the city well, so I can manage cheaply.

Doğru Cevap:E

82. Edward: I hear Jane has had another novel published. Have you read any of the reviewes?

Barry: No. And frankly I'm not very interested in her any longer.

Edward: ____

Barry: That was true five or six years ago, but not any longer.

A) I overheard Whitten saying this is her best novel ever.

B) Why is that? I thought she was generally regarded as quite the most gifted of our younger novelists.

C) Actually I was planning to include her in my thesis.

D) Is her work really as erudite as so many of your reviews suggest?

E) Would you agree that her early work is largely autobiographical but that she is now using more abstract themes.

Doğru Cevap:B

83-85 soruları, aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Eliminating poverty is largely a matter of helping children born into poverty to rise out of it. Once families escape from poverty they do not fall back into it. Middle-class children rarely end up poor. The primary reason poor children do not escape from poverty is that they do not acquire basic mental skills. They cannot read, write, calculate or articulate. Lacking these skills, they cannot get or keep a well-paid job. The best mechanism for breaking this vicious circle is to provide the poor with better educational opportunities. Since children born into poor homes do not acquire the skills they need from their parents, they must be taught these skills in school.

83. The writer makes the point that, once people have overcome poverty, ____

A) the skills of reading and writing cease to be important for them.

B) they cease to mix socially with the poor.

C) they soon learn to adopt middle-class manners and ways.

D) it is most unlikely that they will ever become poor again.

E) they become eligible for well-paid employment in industry.

Doğru Cevap:D

84. According to the writer, if poverty is to be overcome, ____

A) the only effective means for this would be to provide better education.

B) more well-paid jobs should be offered to the poor.

C) all children, regardless of their social class, should receive the same formal education.

D) middle-class children should be given better educational opportunities.

E) the education of children should be based on mental skills alone.

Doğru Cevap:A

85. The main argument of the passage is that ____

A)he elimination of poverty can only be achieved if the poor and the rich attend the same school.

B)middle-class children do not need to learn basic mental skills at school, since they learn them at home.

C)he children of the poor must learn basic mental skills at school so that they can escape from poverty.

D)since basic mental skills are not being taught efficiently at schools, educational reform is essential.

E)child born into a poor family will inevitably stay poor all through his life.

Doğru Cevap:C

86-88 soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Not just in substance but in manner too, Robin Trevelyan, who is the Prime Minister's new righthand man, is a politician in the old style. He avoids the flourish which characterizes modern politicians. His speeches are at best unemotional, at worst dull. He is all but incapable of inspiring an audience. His face is inexpressive, solid almost. He evades making promises and is completely lacking in vision. He is a politician whose talent has never been to inspire the mob.

86. We can understand from the passage that Robin Trevelyan ____

A) cannot keep his real feelings from the public eye.

B) has, with his speech, always been able to sway public feeling.

C) is, with his dramatic speeches, a typical politician of our time.

D) is trusted and valued by the prime minister.

E) is one of those rare politicians who really understands the psychology of the people.

Doğru Cevap:D

87. With regard to the Prime Minister's new righthand man, it is pointed out in the passage that one of his shortcomings as a politician is ____

A) his lack of any genuine belief in his own party.

B) his inability to follow someone else's lead.

C) his reluctance to commit himself or articulate a vision.

D) his tendency to scorn public opinion.

E) his fondness for modern political manners.

Doğru Cevap:C

88. In this passage, the writer has set out to ____

A) highlight the rare political qualities of the present Prime Minister.

B) criticise modern British politics in the person of the Prime Minister.

C) portray the ideal type of a politician in our time.

D) account for the failure of the Prime Minister's previous adviser

E) present a concise study of the political personality of the Prime Minister's new adviser.

Doğru Cevap:E

89-91 soruları, aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Work is central in British culture. When someone asks one ?What do you do?', they really mean ?What work do you do?'. When a woman is asked ?Do you work?', what is meant is ?Are you doing a paid job?'. Yet many people without a paid job work at other kinds of productive activities. Women, notably, perform an unpaid ?double shift' in the home as housekeepers and mothers. To confine the term ?work' to paid employment, therefore, restricts it far too narrowly. There are many other kinds of work, some of which can take more time and energy than we put into our paid employment from the voluntary working in the garden to repairs to the house or the car. In other cultures, work is not as highly valued as this; some people value leisure more, and work only as much as they need in order to provide basic necessities.

89. The writer suggests that people tend to regard the word ?work' as ____

A) referring only to paid employment.

B) being limited only to voluntary work.

C) relating only to physical effort.

D) interchangeable with ?leisure?.

E) an activity with an end-product.

Doğru Cevap:A

90. The writer points out that, unlike the case in Britain, in some cultures ____

A) work in any form is highly respected.

B) unpaid activities such as housework make up virtually the whole of a woman's day.

C) voluntary work is held in high respect.

D) it is leisure, not work, that is of primary importance.

E) people are unwilling to work to meet even their basic necessities.

Doğru Cevap:D

91. According to the passage, unpaid jobs ____

A) are invariably more pleasurable than paid ones.

B) can be quite as time-consuming as paid ones.

C) are always assigned to women rather than to men.

D) are not readily available in Britain.

E) are rarely taken on by people who go out to work.

Doğru Cevap:B

92-94 soruları, aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Alcohol, nicotine and caffeine are psychoactive drugs that are freely available in our society. Their wide spread use shows that they provide a common solution to the problems of vast numbers of individuals. The extent and the nature of their use is not , however, uniform but varies with the particular sub-culture involved. To take alcohol, for example, there are wide differences between the drinking habits and rituals of merchant, seamen and businessmen, between Italians and Jews. Each sub-group in society will have a conception of what the permissible and desirable effects of alcohol are, how much it is necessary to drink to achieve this desired state; what is normal and what is deviant drinking behaviour.

92. It is pointed out in the passage that psychoactive drugs such as alcohol, nicotine and caffeine are widely used because _____

A) sub-groups in society identify themselves with them.

B) people with problems find them helpful

C) their effects have been proved to be harmless

D) they are much cheaper than many other drugs and legally obtainable

E) society at large regards them as harmful

Doğru Cevap:B

93. According to the author, the consumption of alcohol in the world ____

A) is particularly widespread among members of sub-cultures

B) is directly related to the economic prosperity of each sub-group

C) varies from race to race, culture to culture and class to class

D) is closely linked with the increase of deviant drinking behaviour

E) made the practices and behaviour of sub-cultures in society more uniform

Doğru Cevap:C

94. The writer points out that there is little agreement among sub-groups _____

A) about the extent to which psychoactive drugs should be produced

B) about the benefits of psychoactive drugs

C) as regards why businessman drink so much

D) as to why Italians and Jews have different drinking habits

E) as to how much alcohol can be properly consumed

Doğru Cevap:E

95-97 soruları, aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

In the early 1970s, there was a great deal of optimism about improving women's position, ending male privilege and doing away with gender divisions and even gender difference. Equal opportunities legislation was enacted in many countries, and the voice of the women's movement was heard criticising discrimination between the sexes in every sphere of working life. Now it is clear that legislation can make only a marginal difference to entrenched patterns of job segregation and inequality. The voices of feminism, too, are varied; some demand equality with men while others pursue the revaluation of women's skills and ?womanly' virtues.

95. It is pointed out in the passage that many people in the early 1970s ____ .

A) realised that a majority of women were not genuinely interested in job segregation

B) were doubtful as to whether legislation could improve the position of women in society

C) actively took part in women's demonstrations against male aggression and dominance in the workplace

D) confidently expected the elimination of the inequality existing between the sexes

E) were scarcely aware of there being any discrimination between the sexes

Doğru Cevap:D

96. According to the author, legislation against gender discrimination ____

A) has contributed surprisingly little towards the improvement of women's position in society

B) has been grossly neglected especially in less prosperous countries

C) has, in many countries, already made the position of women fully equal to that of men

D) has brought about balance in society that satisfies the women's movement everywhere

E) has been fully successful in eradicating job segregation in industrial countries

Doğru Cevap:A

97. According to the passage, there are people in the feminist movement who ____ .

A) argue that women don't deserve equal opportunities with men in working life

B) believe that women's qualities have been undervalued and should be reassessed

C) are convinced that women would have a stronger position if they kept their femininity

D) believe that the movement is far from achieving any of its original objectives

E) are concerned that the legislation against sex discrimination in working life may be revoked in the near future

Doğru Cevap:B

98-100 soruları, aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

All of us are born, all of us will die; but there is infinite variety in the nature and circumstances of these two events themselves and in what happens to our bodies and our minds in between. Some individuals, for example, are born without difficulty and grow uninterruptedly during childhood and adolescence, suffering at worst only minor infectious diseases and accidents. As adults, they reproduce their kind. They age gradually until, in extreme old age, they die peacefully without pain or discomfort. This is an idealised picture of how we would like things to be, rather than the reality that most people experience. Death comes to many of us, not when we are old, but during or before birth, in infancy, in adolescence, in early adulthood or in middle age.

98. One point made by the author in this passage is that we, as human beings, ____ .

A) must face the fact that accidents in old age are inevitable

B) have all similar opportunities but use them differently

C) all enjoy a happy childhood and a healthy adolescence

D) ought to take certain measures to avoid infections diseases in childhood

E) have widely differing experiences of birth, life and death

Doğru Cevap:E

99. The writer points out that, though most people expect life to be free of care and death easy, ____ .

A) this is not likely to happen either in adolescence or in adulthood

B) they have to strive hard to attain this idealised condition

C) this is, in fact, very rarely the case

D) for many people a worthwhile life has more to it than this

E) this is seldom the case except in old age

Doğru Cevap:C

100. In this passage the writer points out the disparity between ____ .

A) the basically fortunate lives of the majority and the tragic experience of a small minority

B) what everyone expects of life and what he actually achieves in life

C) the early happy years of our lives, and the later tragic ones

D) the near ideal life experience of the few and the actual life experience of the majority

E) the happier middle years of a person's life and the more trying later year

Doğru Cevap:D